When installing an offline windows hotfix on a Windows Server 2012 R2 machine, I encountered the errors:

Windows update could not be installed because of error 2149842967

Installer encountered an error: 0x80240004

Windows update could not be installed because of error 2149842948 “” (Command line: “”C:\Windows\system32\wusa.exe” “E:\Win8.1AndW2K12R2-KB3191564-x64.msu” “)

Windows update could not be installed because of error 2147500037 “Unspecified error” (Command line: “”C:\Windows\system32\wusa.exe” “C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Win8.1AndW2K12R2-KB3191564-x64.msu” “)

To fix this, I stopped the Windows update service, removed all files in C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution and then started the Windows Update service again:

net stop wuauserv

rd /s /q %systemroot%\SoftwareDistribution

net start wuauserv